Ethan’s Online Journal

Here is a list of drugs that are derived from plants:

. Aspirin
. Morphine
. Penicillin
. Quinine

Drugs need to be tested but they can be prescribed because they need to be guaranteed to work and be safe so that don’t harm your body instead of helping it. There are three main stages of testing drugs. The first of them using computer models and human sells grown in a lab. Many substances fail this test because they damage cells or do not seem to work. The second test involves giving an animal a known amount of the substance and monitoring them carefully for any side-effects. This is only allowed for medicine, not tobacco products or cosmetics. The third and final test is using the drugs in clinical trials. They are tested on healthy volunteers to check they are safe. The substances are then tested on people with the illness to ensure they are safe and that they work. It is very crucial that these new drugs are tested in labs first, then animals and finally humans to ensure that we don’t waste human or animal life for no good reason. It is also important to have different stages of testing to make sure that there are no unexpected side effects on living subjects, hence the need to test the new drugs on animals ( such as rats ) before humans. If it even gets that far.

Antibodies ( also known as immunoglobulins) are Y shaped proteins designed to stop antigens (basically just unwanted visitors) from entering our bodies. They do this by finding and labeling the antigens. Which lets the body destroy them. However each antibody is made for one and only one antigen, and it’s fitted with special receptors that will only bind to that antigen.

When an antigen tries to enter our body, it is first met by a type of cell called a B cell which is responsible for creating antibodies to match the antigen. After this the antibodies stick to the virus they order the T cells to kill the virus-infected cells. after this a wave of phagocytes come and eat all of the foreign matter left behind.

After an infection is defeated once, the next time it tries to infect you your body will use the same antibodies it used the first time to combat the infection a lot quicker. This is called acquired immunity.

Another way your body helps combat infections is through the use of white blood cells ( Leukocytes ) which flow through your body in your blood streams and produce antibodies to destroy pathogens, and antitoxins to neutralise toxins.

Macrophage

Diffusion is when particles move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. The particles don’t all take the same net movement (net movement being the overall direction of flow of a substance) Materials like oxygen, carbon dioxide and glucose enter and leave cells by diffusion.
this is useful when a cell is respiring the concentration of oxygen and glucose inside the cell is lower than the surrounding blood so these substances move into the cell. By means of diffusion

By using microscopes scientists were able to discover the existence of microorganisms, study the structure of cells and see the smallest parts of plants, animals and fungi. None of which would be possible with the naked eye or without the help of microscopes. Microscopes use magnification to make small things appear large despite being microscopic (something that can only be seen through a microscope)
Another one of the things to take into account when thinking about a microscope and its power is the resolution. This is the shortest distance between two points on a specimen that can still be distinguished by the observer or camera system as separate entities.

Natural selection is the process of animals dying out whilst others in the same species survive due to small changes helping them survive in there environment to also pass these changes down to there offspring. This takes action over millions of years. Its not an overnight thing and the changes may not even be noticeable. Natural selection leads to evolution. It is called natural selection because nature is essentially deciding which animals survive. The best equipped to the environment. This is also called ‘survival of the fittest.’
So to summarize, natural selection is the process of the better equipped animals surviving whilst the rest die. and in some cases go extinct due to not being adapt to the environment.

The boy perspective piece plan.

THINK:
.How he misses the old man.
.Wonders if the old man is ok.
.Wonders if the old man has finally caught a fish.
.If he is going to catch anything.

SMELL:
.He can smell the saltyness of the ocean and the smell of fresh fish.

SEE:
.He can see the sun directly above him.
.It’s around midday.
.Sea birds circling his boat.
.The siloets of small fish below his boat

FEEL:
.He can feel the hard wood below him.
.The wind on his face
.The sun on his back

HEAR:
.He can hear the birds squawking above him.
.He can hear the soft waves hitting the side of his boat.
.The wind whistling through the sail.

Should theme parks allows fast track? This is the question I will be discussing today.
I personally think that you should not be allowed to pay to skip queues. The reason I think this is that queues are one of the most fair systems there is at the minute. Or it was until people with more money got to go ahead of the people with less. Is their money not worth anything just because they didn’t pay as much as the fast track people?
Some people compare this system to bribery, you pay more money to get what you want quicker or without waiting.
However this service isn’t just limited to theme parks as you can pay to jump queues at many tourist attractions.

Some people may argue against me and say that the theme parks need the extra money to pay for repairs and maintenance on the rides. I disagree with this because its already expensive enough to get in alone. Then you also have the overpriced food, gift shops and whatever else they might be using to steal your money. The entrance price for Thorpe Park is £38 but adults and children will need to spend £60 for fast track.

But this system sounds so convenient, pay £22 to skip everyone else in line ad take their seat straight away, which is why so many people have started doing it. This will only make the problem worse because the more people that fall for the trap of fast track the longer the normal people have to wait in line. As a result of the longer lines the normal people will then also upgrade to fast track and then eventually that may even become normal with the cheaper tickets being bought less.

I know fast track will probably stay over the next few years but for it to be even a little bit fair to the people in the normal queues I think that it should slow them down by taking all of their seats. Small rides move slowly enough as it is and with the parks selling so many passes often 50% of the seats have to be given to the fast track holders in order to make their wait short enough to justify having charged them for the privilege. I think there should be a set amount of seats for fast track holders. Somewhere around 30% of the rides maximum capacity as there line is about 90% shorter.

My final thoughts on this topic are that it is completely unfair and is bias towards the people that do have money and can afford fast track. It is also making the experience worse for everyone else by extending their queue times by up to 50%.

The movie I am going to be analysing is called ‘True Grit’ and is directed by the well known duo that go by the name of The Coen Brothers. The main character of this movie is a 14 year old girl called Mattie Ross. She is on a mission along with a local U.S marshall names Rooster Cogburn to avenge her father who was killed by one of his own workers (Tom Chaney).

Along the way they somehow manage to pick up a Texas ranger called LaBoeuf who tags along with them to find Tom for his own reasons. Whilst they are out looking for Tom in the wilderness they find a lot of unlikely dangers. Despite this the trio perseveres and they all show signs of true grit. An example of this would be when Mattie gets bitten by a highly venemous rattle snake but Rooster carries her miles to the closest doctor despite the odds being highly against him. Another example of grit would be when Rooster , again, tries to take 4 men on house own. He emerges victorious despite being shot once or twice, but at the end of the day does it really matter to a man with as much grit as him?

Mattie even shows grit in the movie such as when she gets left behind after paying Rooster to find Tom even though she said she wanted to come with him. She swam across rapids in a river to catch up to him. Mattie also knows how to handle herself. Such as when she was arguing with the stable master about the prices of her ponies, which in the end she got her way. As she all ways does.

Our final member of the trio, LaBoeuf, shows grit as well. He gets hit tongue half bitten off and has to fire one of the most important shots in the whole movie. The one that decides wether Rooster lives or dies. He also came all the way from Texas just to find one man and you must be joking if you think anyone is stopping him, especially when paired with Rooster. Despite the constant arguing.

Paragraph

Video games, some parents love them others hate them and call them a waste of time. But new research has proved otherwise as they may have positive effects on life skills. Studies show that those who play video games have improved abilities in the real world aswell as virtual. These include but ar not limited to; better team skills, faster reaction times, they improve vision and they can also serve as a stress reliever. Would you deny your child these life skill?

Evaluation

First off i compared two different views on video games which made the reader relate to one of them. I did this because it the reader relates to a point then they are more likely to read on and see if the writers opinion is the same as theirs, and if it isn’t then theirs might be changed as they have now read and argument against it. I also listed all of the pros of gaming and this gives the reader information they may have not previously had on the subject. I also ended on a rhetorical question is used to emphasize my point that video games are good not bad.